Transverse Myelitis

Overview

Transverse myelitis is a rare neurological condition that causes inflammation of the spinal cord. This inflammation can interrupt nerve signals between the brain and body, leading to symptoms such as pain, weakness, sensory changes, and, in some cases, paralysis. Transverse myelitis can develop suddenly and requires prompt medical attention and rehabilitation to maximise recovery.

At Royal Buckinghamshire Hospital, we provide expert assessment, diagnostics, and specialist rehabilitation for individuals recovering from transverse myelitis.

Causes of Transverse Myelitis

Transverse myelitis can occur as an isolated condition or as part of another medical disorder. Potential causes include:

Unknown (idiopathic) causes, in some cases

• Viral, bacterial, or fungal infections
• Autoimmune disorders, such as multiple sclerosis (MS) or neuromyelitis optica (NMO)
• Post-vaccine or post-infectious inflammatory response
• Spinal cord injuries or vascular issues

Symptoms of Transverse Myelitis

Symptoms may vary depending on the severity and level of inflammation but often include:

• Sudden back pain
• Weakness in the arms or legs
• Numbness or tingling in the limbs or torso
• Loss of sensation, particularly in a band-like pattern around the body
• Bladder or bowel dysfunction
• Difficulty walking or maintaining balance
• In severe cases, partial or complete paralysis

Symptoms often develop over hours to days and can affect one or both sides of the body.

Diagnosis

Accurate diagnosis involves:

• Detailed medical history and neurological examination
• MRI scans of the spine to detect inflammation or structural damage
• Lumbar puncture, to check for inflammation or infection in the spinal fluid
• Blood tests to investigate underlying causes such as autoimmune disorders
• Further investigations to rule out multiple sclerosis, infections, or other neurological conditions

Treatment & Rehabilitation

Treatment focuses on reducing inflammation, managing symptoms, and promoting recovery:

• Medications, such as corticosteroids to reduce inflammation
• Plasma exchange therapy, in severe or unresponsive cases
• Pain management for nerve pain and discomfort
• Physiotherapy, to regain strength, mobility, and coordination
• Occupational therapy, to support independence with daily tasks
• Specialist rehabilitation, tailored to your needs for maximising function and quality of life

Our multidisciplinary rehabilitation team provides comprehensive support throughout recovery.

Why Choose Royal Buckinghamshire Hospital?

• Specialist neurological rehabilitation centre
• Expert spinal and neurological assessment
• Access to advanced imaging and diagnostics
• Personalised inpatient and outpatient rehabilitation programmes
• Private, patient-centred care with minimal waiting times

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