Vascular Dementia

Specialist Assessment & Support at Royal Buckinghamshire Hospital

Vascular dementia is the second most common form of dementia, caused by reduced blood flow to the brain. At Royal Buckinghamshire Hospital, we provide expert care, early diagnosis, and tailored support to help patients manage symptoms and maintain independence.

What Is Vascular Dementia?

Vascular dementia occurs when blood flow to the brain is impaired, often due to a stroke, mini-stroke (TIA), or damage to blood vessels. This lack of oxygen and nutrients can affect memory, thinking skills, and behaviour.

Common Causes of Vascular Dementia

• Stroke or multiple small strokes (multi-infarct dementia)
• Transient ischaemic attacks (TIAs or “mini-strokes”)
• Small vessel disease (changes in small blood vessels in the brain)
• High blood pressure or atherosclerosis
• Diabetes or heart disease

Symptoms of Vascular Dementia

Symptoms may develop suddenly or gradually and vary depending on the area of the brain affected. Common signs include:

• Problems with memory or short-term recall
• Slowed thinking or difficulty making decisions
• Poor concentration and attention span
• Changes in mood, including depression or apathy
• Confusion and disorientation
• Difficulty with balance or movement
• Language problems, such as struggling to find the right word

Unlike Alzheimer’s disease, memory loss may not be the first symptom. Instead, problems with planning, reasoning, or following instructions are often more prominent in early stages.

Who Is at Risk?

Vascular dementia typically affects people over 65, but the risk increases with:

• History of stroke or TIA
• High blood pressure or high cholesterol
• Smoking
• Diabetes
• Cardiovascular conditions
• Family history of dementia

Diagnosis & Assessment

At Royal Buckinghamshire Hospital, our expert neurologists and dementia specialists offer comprehensive assessments including:

• Neurological examination
• Brain imaging (MRI or CT scans)
• Blood pressure and heart health evaluation
• Cognitive and memory testing

Early diagnosis allows for better management and planning of care.

Treatment & Support

There is currently no cure for vascular dementia, but treatment focuses on slowing progression and improving quality of life. This may include:

• Medications to control blood pressure, cholesterol, and diabetes
• Stroke prevention strategies
• Cognitive rehabilitation and memory therapy
• Occupational and physical therapy
• Specialist support for carers and families

We also provide personalised rehabilitation plans to help maintain independence and manage everyday tasks.

Why Choose Royal Buckinghamshire Hospital?

• Leading specialists in dementia diagnosis and care
• Integrated support including rehabilitation, neurology, and therapy
• Modern facilities in a calm, private setting
• Comprehensive care tailored to individual needs

Our Resident Neurologist

Dr Weatherall is very welcoming and highly experienced. He offers his patients sound diagnosis and treatment, along with individual care focused on their future health.

Dr Mark Weatherall

Consultant Neurologist

Field